Common Mental Health Conditions

In the Intervention Lab we use a complex systems approach to mental health research. We study interaction of affective, psychological, neurobiological mechanisms and environmental factors that contribute to onset, maintenance and relapse in depression, suicidality and anxiety.

Complex Systems

Together with the Centre for Urban Mental Health and the Institute of Advanced Studies (IAS), our lab applies complex system models to the study of common mental health disorders.

  • Robberegt, S. J., Albers, C. J., Kooiman, B. E. A. M., Vuuregge, A. H., Mul, J. D., Wilts, N., Nauta, M. H., Stikkelbroek, Y. A. J., & Bockting, C. L. (In press). Examining varying number of intervention-modules and change in individual networks in young people remitted from depression or anxiety: Exploratory outcomes of the StayFine randomized clinical trial. Neuroscience Applied, 107007. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2026.107007

    Scheffer, M., Bockting, C. L., Borsboom, D., Cools, R., Delecroix, C., Hartmann, J. A., Kendler, K. S., van de Leemput, I., van der Maas, H. L. J., van Nes, E., Mattson, M., McGorry, P. D., & Nelson, B. (2024). A dynamical systems view of psychiatric disorders—Practical implications: A review. JAMA Psychiatry, 81(6):624-630. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0228

    Scheffer, M., Bockting, C. L., Borsboom, D., Cools, R., Delecroix, C., Hartmann, J. A., Kendler, K. S., van de Leemput, I., van der Maas, H. L. J., van Nes, E., Mattson, M., McGorry, P. D., & Nelson, B. (2024). A dynamical systems view of psychiatric disorders—Theory: A review. JAMA Psychiatry., 81(6):618-623 https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2024.0215

    van der Wal, J. M., van Borkulo, C. D., Deserno, M. K., Breedvelt, J. J. F., Lees, M., Lokman, J. C., Borsboom, D., Denys, D., van Holst, R. J., Smidt, M. P., Stronks, K., Lucassen, P. J., van Weert, J. C. M., Sloot, P. M. A., Bockting, C. L., & Wiers, R. W. (2021). Advancing urban mental health research: From complexity science to actionable targets for intervention. Lancet Psychiatry, 8(11), 991–1000. https://doi.org/10.1016/s2215-0366(21)00047-x

    De Beurs, D., Bockting, C. L., Kerkhof, A., Scheepers, F., O’Connor, R., Penninx, B., & van de Leemput, I. (2020). A network perspective on suicidal behavior: Understanding suicidality as a complex system. Suicide and Life-Threatening Behavior, 0, 1-12. https://doi.org/10.1111/sltb.12676

Social & Environmental Factors

How does society, our environment and global events influence the onset and maintenance of common mental health disorders?

  • Bockting C. L. The impact of societal challenges on mental health conditions: implications for research and psychotherapy? Editorial. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Europe. In press

    Bockting C. L. Mental health in societal challenging (digital AI) times. Proceedings of the European Academy of Sciences and Arts (PEASA). In press.

    Bockting, C. L., Vasilakos, A., & Figueroa, C. (in press). Generative AI chatbots could take over our emotional lives: The potential and challenges of generative AI for health globally. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Europe.

    Gavan, L., van der Spek, N., Bergers, N., Breedvelt, J. J. F., Hellegers, F., Bosmans, G., & Bockting, C. L.H. (2026). Is suicidality contagious? The social transmission of suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Comprehensive Psychology, 147,15269.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2026.152691

    Huth, K., Wal, J. van der, Zavlis, O., Luigjes, J., Lakerveld, J., Galenkamp, H., Lok, A., Stronks, K., Bockting, C. L., Marsman, M., Goudriaan, A., & Holst, R. van. (2025). Individual and neighborhood determinants of depressive symptoms in ethnic minorities in the urban HELIUS sample: A multi-level network perspective. Social Science & Medicine, 381, 118195. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2025.118195

    van der Spek, N., Junus, A., van Ballengooijen, W., Wiers, R., & Bockting, C. L. (2025). Mental health symptom profiles and temporal trends in Dutch young people’s social and emotional wellbeing and suicidality, 2017–2023. Journal of Affective Disorders, 390, 119844. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2025.119844

    Wiers, R. W., El Marroun, H., Bockting, C. L., & Krugers, H. (2025). Debate: Urban versus rural environments – which is better for mental health? The one good thing about a small town. Child and Adolescent Mental Health, 30(2), 189-191. https://doi.org/10.1111/camh.12771

    van der Wal, J. M., Huth, K. B. S., Lok, A., Bockting, C. L., Stronks, K., & Nicolaou, M. (2024). Exploring the mechanisms underlying increased risk of depressive disorder in ethnic minority populations in Europe: A causal loop diagram. Social Science & Medicine, 351, 116977. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.socscimed.2024.116977

    Franzoi, D., Bockting, C. L., Bennett, K. F., Odom, A., Lucassen, P. J., Pathania, A., Lee, A., Brouwer, M. E., van de Schoot, R., Wiers, R. W., & Breedvelt, J. J. F. (2023). Which individual, social, and urban factors in early childhood predict psychopathology in later childhood, adolescence and young adulthood? A systematic review. SSM - Population Health, 25, 101575. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.ssmph.2023.101575

    Willemen, F. E. M., Heuschen, C. B. B. C. M., Zantvoord, J. B., Galenkamp, H., de Wit, M. A. S. Zwinderman, A. H., Denys, D. A. J. P., Bockting, C. L., Stronks, L., & Lok, A. (2023). Perceived ethnic discrimination, suicidal ideation and mastery in a multi-ethnic cohort: the HELIUS study. BJPsych Open, 9(1), e21. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.640

    Breedvelt, J. J., Tiemeier, H., Sharples, E., Galea, S., Niedzwiedz, C., Elliott, I., & Bockting, C. L. (2022). The effects of neighbourhood social cohesion on preventing depression and anxiety among adolescents and young adults: Rapid review. BJPsych open, 8(4). https://doi.org/10.1192/bjo.2022.57

    Lokman, J. C., & Bockting, C. L. (2022). Pathways to depressive and anxiety disorders during and after the COVID-19 pandemic. Lancet Psychiatry, 9(7), 531–533. https://doi.org/10.1016/S2215-0366(22)00152-3

    Van der Wal, J. M., Arjadi, R., Nauta, M. H., Burger, H., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). Guided internet interventions for depression: Impact of sociodemographic factors on treatment outcome in Indonesia. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 103589. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2020.103589

    Verbeek, T., Bockting, C. L., Beijers, C., Meijer, J. L., van Pampus, M. G., & Burger, H. (2019). Low socioeconomic status increases effects of negative life events on antenatal anxiety and depression. Women and Birth, 32(1), e138-e143. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.wombi.2018.05.005

Neurobiological & Physiological Mechanisms

How does neuro and physiological mechanisms work to cause and maintain common mental health conditions?

  • Gülpen, J., Legemaat, A. M., van Dis, E. A. M., Geurtsen, G. J., Wekking, E. M., Burger, H., Denys, D. A. J. P., & Bockting, C. L. (2026). No cognitive scarring over 20 years in recurrent depression: Bidirectionality of cognitive functioning and depression. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 8(3), e20989. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.20989

    Bennebroek Evertsz, F., Goes, F. L. S., Stokkers, P. C. F., Sanderman, R., Verdam, M. G. E., Sprangers, M., & Bockting, C. L. (2025). IBD-specific behavioral therapy: Sustainability of effect after three years. Clinical Psychology in Europe,  7(3), e14717. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.14717

    Bennebroek Evertsz’, F., Bockting, C. L., Braamse, A., Van Dissel, M. N. M., Duijvestein, M., Kager, L. M., Kool, M., Löwenberg, M., Mares, W., Nieuwkerk, P., Sipkema, H. A., Young, Z., & Knoop, H. (2024). Implementation of ‘IBD-Specific Cognitive Behavioural Therapy’ for patients with inflammatory bowel diseases with poor mental quality of life, Anxiety and Depression. Journal of Clinical Psychology in Medical Settings, 31, 258-278. https://doi.org/10.1007/s10880-023-09996-8

    Korenblik, V., Schilder, N. K. M., de Lange, I. G. S., Daams, J. G., Bockting, C. L. H., Brul, S., Nieuwdorp, M., Lok, A., & Korosi, A. (2026). From gut to glee: Is butyrate a promising antidepressant? A systematic review and mechanistic insights. Brain, Behavior, and Immunity, 132, 106237. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.bbi.2025.106237

    Korenblik, V., Brouwer, M., Korosi, A., Denys, D., Bockting, C. L., Brul, S., & Lok, A. (2023) Are neuromodulation interventions associated with changes in the gut microbiota? A systematic review. Neuropharmacology, 223,109318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109318

    Korenblick, V., Korosi, A., Nieuwdorp, M., Bockting, C. L., Brul, S., & Lock, A. (2023). Butyrate’s effects on depressive symptoms and affect in young adults with depression: study protocol for a pilot randomized controlled trial. Neuroscience Applied, 2(2), 102443. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102443

    Cohen, S. E., Zantvoord, J. B., Wezenberg, B. N., Bockting, C. L., & van Wingen, G. A. (2021). Magnetic resonance imaging for individual prediction of treatment response in major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Translational psychiatry, 11(1), 1-10. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41398-021-01286-x

    Cohen, S., Zantvoord, J., Wezenberg, B., Daams, J., Bockting, C. L., Denys, D., & van Wingen, G. (2022). Electroencephalography for predicting antidepressant treatment success: A systematic review and meta-analysis. https://doi.org/10.31234/osf.io/mvnxa

    Korenblik, V., Brouwer, M. E., Korosi, A., Denys, D., Bockting, C. L., Brul, S., & Lok, A. (2023). Are neuromodulation interventions associated with changes in the gut microbiota? A systematic review. Neuropharmacology, 223, 109318. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.neuropharm.2022.109318

    van Kleef, R. S., Marsman, J. C., van Valen, E., Bockting, C. L., Aleman, A., & van Tol, M. J. (2022). Neural basis of positive and negative emotion regulation in remitted depression. NeuroImage. Clinical, 34, 102988. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nicl.2022.102988

    Bennebroek Evertsz, F., Sprangers, M. A. G., de Vries, L. M., Sanderman, R., Stokkers, P. C. F., Verdam, M. G. E., Burger, H., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). I am a total failure: Associations between beliefs and anxiety and depression in patients with inflammatory bowel disease with poor mental quality of life. Behavioural and Cognitive Psychotherapy, 48(1), 91-102. https://doi.org/10.1017/s1352465819000444

    Kennis, M., Gerritsen, L., van Dalen, M., Williams, A., Cuijpers, P., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). Prospective biomarkers of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Molecular Psychiatry, 25(2), 321-338. https://doi.org/10.1038/s41380-019-0585-z

    Nieman, D. H., Chavez-Baldini, U., Vulink, N. C., Smit, D. J. A., van Wingen, G., de Koning, P., Sutterland, A., Mocking, R., Bockting, C. L., Verweij, K., Lok, A., & Denys, D. (2020). Protocol Across study: Longitudinal transdiagnostic cognitive functioning, psychiatric symptoms, and biological parameters in patients with a psychiatric disorder. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 212. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02624-x

    Van Tol, M. J., Eike, R., Van Kleef, R., Marsman, J. B., Van Valen, E., Aleman, A., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). P.348 Understanding neurocognitive working mechanisms of relapse prevention – the role of emotion regulation in remitted major depressive disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 40, S202-S203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.264

    Ahern, E., Bockting, C. L., & Semkovska, M. (2019). A hot-cold cognitive model of depression: Integrating the neuropsychological approach into the cognitive theory framework. Clinical Psychology in Europe, 1(3), 1-35. https://doi.org/10.32872/cpe.v1i3.34396

    Ter Horst, D. M., Schene, A. H., Figueroa, C. A., Assies, J., Lok, A., Bockting, C. L., Ruhé, H., & Mocking, R. J. T. (2019). Cortisol, dehydroepiandrosterone sulfate, fatty acids, and their relation in recurrent depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 100, 203-212. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.10.012

    Thesing, C. S., Lok, A., Milaneschi, Y., Assies, J., Bockting, C. L., Figueroa, C. A., Giltay, E. J., Penninx, B. W. J. H., Ruhé, H., Schene, A. H., Bot, M., & Mocking, R. J. T. (2019). Fatty acids and recurrence of major depressive disorder: Combined analysis of two Dutch clinical cohorts. Acta Psychiatrica Scandinavica. https://doi.org/10.1111/acps.13136

    van Kleef, R. S., Bockting, C. L., van Valen, E., Aleman, A., Marsman, J. C., & van Tol, M. J. (2019). Neurocognitive working mechanisms of the prevention of relapse in remitted recurrent depression (NEWPRIDE): Protocol of a randomized controlled neuroimaging trial of preventive cognitive therapy. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 409. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2384-0

    Kennis, M., Gerritsen, L., van Dalen, M., Williams, A., Cuijpers, P., & Bockting, C. L. (2018). T149. Do we have evidence for predictive biomarkers for major depressive disorder? A meta-analysis and systematic review of prospective studies. Biological Psychiatry, 83(9), S186. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.biopsych.2018.02.486

    Bennebroek Evertsz', F., Sprangers, M. A. G., Sitnikova, K., Stokkers, P. C. F., Ponsioen, C. Y., Bartelsman, J. F. W. M., van Bodegraven, A. A., Fischer, S., Depla, A. C. T. M., Mallant, R. C., Sanderman, R., Burger, H., & Bockting, C. L. (2017). Effectiveness of cognitive-behavioral therapy on quality of life, anxiety, and depressive symptoms among patients with inflammatory bowel disease: A multicenter randomized controlled trial. Journal of Consulting  and Clinical Psychology. 85(9), 918-925. https://doi.org/10.1037/ccp0000227

    De Boer, A.G., Bennebroek Evertsz, F., Stokkers, P. C., Bockting, C. L.,Sanderman, R., Hommes, D. W., Sprangers, M. A. & Frings-Dresen, M. H. (2016). Employment status, difficulties at work and quality of life in inflammatory bowel disease patients. European Journal of Gastroenterology & Hepatology, 28(10), 1130-1136.https://doi.org/10.1097/MEG.0000000000000685.

    Assies, J., Mocking, R. J., Lok, A., Koeter, M. W., Bockting, C. L.,Visser, I., Pouwer, F., Ruhé, H.G., & Schene, A. H. (2015). Erythrocyte fatty acid profiles and plasma homocysteine, folate and vitamin B6 and B12 in recurrent depression: Implications for comorbidity with cardiovascular disease. Psychiatry Research, 229, 992-998. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2015.06.025

    Bockting, C. L.,Mocking, R. J. T., Lok, A., Koeter, M. W. J., & Schene, A. H. (2013). Therapygenetics: The 5HTTLPR as a biomarker for response to psychological therapy? Molecular Psychiatry, 18, 744-745. https://doi.org/10.1038/mp.2012.92

    Mocking, R. J. T., Lok, A., Assies, J., Koeter, M. W. J., Visser, I., Ruhé, H. G., Bockting, C. L.,& Schene, A. H. (2013). Ala54Thr fatty acid-binding protein 2 (FABP2) polymorphism in recurrent depression: Associations with fatty acid concentrations and waist circumference. PLoS ONE,8, e82980. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0082980

    Mocking, R.J.T., Ruhé, H.G., Assies, J., Lok, A., Koeter, M.W.J., Visser, I., Bockting, C. L.,& Schene, A.H. (2013). Relationship between the hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis and fatty acid metabolism in recurrent depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 38, 1607-1617. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2013.01.013

    Bennebroek-Evertsz, F., Thijssens, N. A. M., Stokkers, P. C. F., Grootenhuis, M. A., Bockting, C. L.,Nieuwkerk, P. T., & Sprangers, M. A. G. (2012). Do inflammatory bowel disease patients with anxiety and depressive symptoms receive the care they need? Journal of Crohn's and Colitis, 6, 68-76. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.crohns.2011.07.006

    Bockting, C. L.,Lok, A., Visser, I., Assies, J., Koeter, M. W., Schene, A. H., & The DELTA study group (2012). Lower cortisol levels predict recurrence in remitted patients with recurrent depression: A 5.5 year prospective study. Psychiatry research, 200, 281-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.044

    Lok, A., Assies, J., Koeter, M. W. J., Bockting, C. L.,Wouters, L. F., Mocking, R. J. T., & Schene,  A. H. (2012). Sustained medically unexplained physical symptoms in euthymic patients with recurrent depression: Predictive value for recurrence and associations with omega 3- and 6 fatty acids and 5-HTTLPR? Journal of Affective Disorders, 136, 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.024

    Lok A., Mocking, R. J. T., Ruhé, H. G., Visser, I., Koeter, M. W., Assies, J., Bockting, C. L.,Olff,  M., & Schene, A. H. (2012). Longitudinal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis trait and state effects in recurrent depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37, 892-902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.10.005

    Mocking, R. J. T., Assies, J., Lok, A., Ruhé, H. G., Koeter, M. W. J., Visser, I., Bockting, C. L.,&  Schene, A. H. (2012). Statistical methodological issues in handling data of fatty acid data: Percentages or concentration, imputation and indices. Lipids, 47, 541-547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-012-3665-2

    Assies, J., Pouwer, F., Lok, A., Mocking, R. J. T., Bockting, C. L.,Visser, I., Abeling, N. G. G. M.,  Duran, M., & Schene, A. H. (2010). Plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid patterns in patients with recurrent depression: A matched case-control study. PLoS ONE, 5, e10635. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010635

Transgenerational Transmissions and Interventions

Our lab leads several projects focused on women's mental health science and preventing the transgenerational transmission of mental health conditions from parents to offspring. Large-scale national trials including PROMISES (Pregnancy Outcomes after a Maternity Intervention for Stressful Emotions) and Stop or Go? (tapering antidepressants during pregnancy).

Our research spans over two decades, combining clinical psychology, psychiatry, epidemiology, gynecology and midwifery, and primary care to identify and interrupt the pathways by which parental depression and anxiety are passed on to the next generation. Our leading position in this field rests on this sustained, continuously funded (ZonMW/NWO) programme of work and the international cohort of PhD researchers it has trained, now extending this research line to low-and-middle-income countries (Rwanda and Indonesia).

  • Uwizeyimana, T., Brouwer, M., van der Spek, N., Ayuningtias, A.U.H., van Dis, E.A.M., Tiemeier, H., Bockting, C.L. Effect of mental health interventions during pregnancy on offspring outcomes: a systematic review and meta-analysis. Under review.

    Dall’Aglio, L., Gunter-Rahman, Bockting, C. L., Tiemeier, H. Towards Improved Treatment of Depression During Pregnancy, under review.

    Schulte-Frankenfeld, P. M., van Dis, E.A.M., Brouwer, M. E., Bockting. C. L. Effectiveness of tapering antidepressant with Preventive Cognitive Therapy during pregnancy; effect on 5 years-old.

    Bockting, C.L., Scheffer, C., Verbeek, T., Burger, H., Transgenerational effects of antenatal psychotherapy on 15-years old offspring: a randomised controlled trial. In preparation.

    Broeks, C. W., Molenaar, N., Brouwer, M., van den Akker, E. L. T., van Rossum, E. F. C., Van, R., van den Berg, S. A. A., Hillegers, M., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., Burger, H., Bockting, C. L., Kamperman, A. M., & Lambregtse-Van den Berg, M. P. (2023). Intergenerational impact of childhood trauma on hair cortisol concentrations in mothers and their young infants. Comprehensive Psychonuroendocrinology, 14, 100167. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpnec.2023.100167

    Brouwer, M. E., Molenaar, N. M., Burger, H., Williams, A. D., Albers, C., Lambregtse-van den Berg, M., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). Tapering antidepressants while receiving digital Preventive Cognitive Therapy during pregnancy: An experience sampling methodology trial. Frontiers in Psychiatry, 11, 574357. https://doi.org/10.3389/fpsyt.2020.574357

    Burger, H., Verbeek, T., Aris-Meijer, J. L., Beijers, C., Mol, B. W., Hollon, S. D., OrmeL, J., van Pampus, M., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). Effects of psychological treatment of mental health problems in pregnant women to protect their offspring: Randomised controlled trial. The British Journal of Psychiatry, 216(4), 182-188. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2019.260

    Molenaar, N. M., Brouwer, M. E., Burger, H., Kamperman, A. M., Bergink, V., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., Williams, A., Bockting, C. L., & Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P. (2020). Preventive cognitive therapy with antidepressant discontinuation during pregnancy: Results from a randomized controlled trial. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 81(4). https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.19l13099

    Molenaar, N. M., Houtman, D., Bijma, H. H., Brouwer, M. E., Burger, H., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., Bockting, C. L., Kampermen, A., & Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P. (2020). Dose-effect of maternal serotonin reuptake inhibitor use during pregnancy on birth outcomes: A prospective cohort study. Journal of Affective Disorders, 267, 57-62. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2020.02.003

    Nieman, D. H., Chavez-Baldini, U., Vulink, N. C., Smit, D. J. A., van Wingen, G., de Koning, P., Sutterland, A., Mocking, R., Bockting, C. L., Verweij, K., Lok, A., & Denys, D. (2020). Protocol Across study: Longitudinal transdiagnostic cognitive functioning, psychiatric symptoms, and biological parameters in patients with a psychiatric disorder. BMC Psychiatry, 20(1), 212. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-020-02624-x

    Aris-Meijer, J., Bockting, C. L., Stolk, R., Verbeek, T., Beijers, C., van Pampus, M., & Burger, H. (2019). What if pregnancy is not seventh heaven? The influence of specific life events during pregnancy and delivery on the transition of antenatal into postpartum anxiety and depression. Int. J. Environ. Res. Public Health, 16(16), 2851. https://doi.org/10.3390/ijerph16162851

    Molenaar, N. M., Brouwer, M. E., Kamperman, A. M., Burger, H., Williams, A. D., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., Bockting, C. L., & Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P. (2019). Recurrence of depression in the perinatal period: Clinical features and associated vulnerability markers in an observational cohort. PLOS One, 14(2), e0212964. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0212964

    Molenaar, N. M., Tiemeier, H., van Rossum, E. F. C., Hillegers, M. H. J., Bockting, C. L., Hoogendijk, W. J. G., van den Akker, E., Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P., & El Marroun, H. (2019). Prenatal maternal psychopathology and stress and offspring HPA axis function at 6 years. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 99, 120-127. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2018.09.003

    Verbeek, T., Quittner, L., de Cock, P., de Groot, N., Bockting, C. L., & Burger, H. (2019). Personality traits predict meeting the WHO recommendation of 6 months' breastfeeding: A prospective general population cohort study. Advances in Neonatal Care, 19(2), 118-126. https://doi.org/10.1097/anc.0000000000000547

    Brouwer, M. E., Williams, A. D., van Grinsven, S. E., Cuijpers, P., Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P., Burger, H., & Bockting, C. L. (2018). Offspring outcomes after prenatal interventions for common mental disorders: A meta-analysis. BMC Medicine, 16, 208. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12916-018-1192-6

    Molenaar, N. M., Brouwer, M. E., Duvekot, J. J., Burger, H., Knijff, E. M., Hoogendijk, W. J., Bockting, C. L., de Wolf, G. S., & Lambregtse-van den Berg, M. P. (2018). Antidepressants during pregnancy: Guideline adherence and current practice amongst Dutch gynaecologists and midwives. Midwifery, 61, 29-35. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2018.02.018

    Beijers, C., Burger, H., Verbeek, T., Bockting, C. L.,& Ormel, J. (2014). Continued smoking and continued alcohol consumption during early pregnancy distinctively associated with personality. Addictive Behaviors, 39, 980-986. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.addbeh.2014.01.022

    Beijers, C., Ormel, J., Meijer, J. L., Verbeek, T., Bockting, C. L.,& Burger, H. (2014). Stressful events and continued smoking and continued alcohol consumption during mid-pregnancy. PloS ONE, 9,e86359. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0086359

    Meijer, J. L., Beijers, C., van Pampus, M. G., Verbeek, T., Stolk, R. P., Milgrom, J., Bockting, C. L.,& Burger, H. (2014). Predictive accuracy of Edinburgh Postnatal Depression Scale assessment during pregnancy for the risk of developing postpartum depressive symptoms: A prospective cohort study. BJOG : An International Journal of Obstetrics and Gynaecology, 121, 1604-1610. https://doi.org/10.1111/1471-0528.12759

    Meijer, J. L., Bockting, C. L.,Stolk, R. P., Kotov, R., Ormel, J., & Burger, H. (2014). Associations of life events during pregnancy with longitudinal change in symptoms of antenatal anxiety and depression. Midwifery, 30, 526-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.06.008

    Aris-Meijer, J., Bockting, C. L., StolK, R. P., Kotov, R., Ormel, J., & Berger, H. (2013). Associations of life events during pregnancy with longitudinal change in symptoms of antenatal anxiety and depression. Midwifery, 30(5), 526-531. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.midw.2013.06.008

    Nauta, M. H., Festen, H., Reichart, C. G., Nolen, W. A., Stant, A. D., Bockting, C. L.,van der Wee, N. J. A., Beekman, A., Doreleijers, T. A. H., Hartman, C. A., de Jong, P. J., & de Vries, S. O. (2012). Preventing mood and anxiety disorders in youth: A multi-centre RCT in the high risk offspring of depressed and anxious patients. BMC Psychiatry, 12,1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1471-244X-12-31

    Verbeek, T., Bockting, C. L.,van Pampus, M. G., Ormel, J., Meijer, J. L., Hartman, C. A., & Burger, H. (2012). Postpartum depression predicts offspring mental health problems in adolescence independently of parental lifetime psychopathology. Journal of Affective Disorders, 136, 948-954. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.08.035

    Meijer, J. L., Bockting, C. L.,Beijers, C., Verbeek, T., Stant, A. D., Ormel, J., Stolk, R. P., de Jonge, P., van Pampus, M. G., & Burger, H. (2011). Pregnancy Outcomes after a Maternity Intervention for Stressful EmotionS (PROMISES): Study protocol for a randomised controlled trial. Trials, 12, 1. https://doi.org/10.1186/1745-6215-12-157

Relapse Factors

Relapse is a common challenge for individuals who have recovered from depression and anxiety. To address this, our lab is dedicated to investigating what factors lead people to relapse in their recovery journey.

  • Angeles-Valdez, D., van Kleef, R., van Valen, E., Garza-Villarreal, E. A., Bockting, C. L., & van Tol, M. J. (2026). The role of cognitive and affective changes in preventing depressive relapse: A network analysis approach to understanding the mechanisms of preventive cognitive therapy. Journal of  Affective Disorders, 406, 121705. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2026.121705

    Besten, M. E., van Vugt, M., Riese, H., Bockting, C. L., Ostafin, B. D., Aleman, A., & van Tol, M.-J. (2024). Understanding mechanisms of depression prevention: Study protocol of a randomized cross-over trial to investigate mechanisms of mindfulness and positive fantasizing as intervention techniques for reducing perseverative cognition in remitted depressed individuals. BMC Psychiatry, 24(1), 141. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-024-05592-8

    Breedvelt, J. J. F., Karyotaki, E., Warren, F. C., Brouwer, M. E., Jermann, F., Hollandare, F., Klein, N., de Jonge, M., Klein, D. N., Farb, N., Segal, Z., Biesheuvel Leliefeld, K. E. M., Jarrett, R., Vittengl, J., Thase, M., Ma, H., Kuyken, W., Shallcross, A. J., van Heeringen, C., … Bockting, C. L. (2024). An individual participant data meta-analysis of psychological interventions for preventing depression relapse. Nature Mental Health, 2(2), 154–163. https://doi.org/10.1038/s44220-023-00178-x

    Böttcher, L., Breedvelt, J. J. F., Warren, F. C., Segal, Z., Kuyken, W., & Bockting, C. L. (2023). Identifying relapse predictors in individual participant data with decision trees. BMC Psychiatry, 23(1), 835. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-023-05214-9

    Gülpen, J., Brouwer, M. E., Geurtsen, G. J., van Dis, E. A. M., Denys, D. A. J. P., & Bockting, C. L. (2023). Treatments for partial remission of major depressive disorder: A systematic review and meta-analysis. BMJ Mental Health, 26(1), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjment-2023-300827

    Robberegt, S. J., Brouwer, M. E., Kooiman, B. E., Stikkelbroek, Y. A., Nauta, M. H., & Bockting, C. L. (2023). Meta-analysis: Relapse prevention strategies for depression and anxiety in remitted adolescents and young adults. Journal of the American Academy of Child & Adolescent Psychiatry, 62(3), 306-317. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jaac.2022.04.014

    Teijema, J. J., Hofstee, L., Brouwer, M., de Bruin, J., Ferdinands, G., de Boer, J., Vizan, P., van den Brand, S., Bockting, C. L., van de Schoot, R., & Bagheri, A. (2023). Active learning-based systematic reviewing using switching classification models: The case of the onset, maintenance, and relapse of depressive disorders. Frontiers in Research Metrics and Analytics, 8, 1178181. https://doi.org/10.3389/frma.2023.1178181

    van Kleef, R., Kaushik, P., Besten, M., Marsman, J., Bockting, C. L., van Vugt, M., Aleman, A., van Tol, M. (2023). Understanding and predicting future relapse in depression from resting state functional connectivity and self-referential processing. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 165, 305-314. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2023.07.034

    Vuuregge, A., Kooiman, B. E. A. M., Robberegt, S. J., Nauta, M. H., Stikkelbroek, Y. A. J., Lucassen, P. J., Bockting, C. L., Mul, J. D., & Scharantee, A. Interactions between daily physical activity and depressive and anxiety-related symptoms in adolescents remitted from depression and anxiety disorders. Neuroscience Applied, 2(2), 102787. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.nsa.2023.102787

    Heuschen, C. B., Mocking, R. J., Zantvoord, J. B., Figueroa, C. A., Schene, A. H., Denys, D. A., Ruhé, H. G., Bockting, C. L., & Lok, A. (2022). Suicidal ideation in remitted major depressive disorder predicts recurrence. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 151, 65–72. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2022.04.005

    Breedvelt, J., Brouwer, M. E., Harrer, M., Semkovska, M., Ebert, D. D., Cuijpers, P., & Bockting, C. L. (2021). Psychological interventions as an alternative and add-on to antidepressant medication to prevent depressive relapse: Systematic review and meta-analysis. The British Journal of Psychiatry :The Journal of Mental Science, 219(4), 538–545. https://doi.org/10.1192/bjp.2020.198

    Breedvelt, J., Warren, F. C., Segal, Z., Kuyken, W., & Bockting, C. L. (2021). Continuation of antidepressants vs sequential psychological interventions to prevent relapse in depression: An individual participant data meta-analysis. JAMA Psychiatry, 78(8), 868–875. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamapsychiatry.2021.0823

    Breedvelt, J. J. F., Warren, F. C., Brouwer, M. E., Karyotaki, E., Kuyken, W., Cuijpers, P., van Oppen, P., Gilbody., S. &  Bockting, C. L. (2020). Individual participant data (IPD) meta-analysis of psychological relapse prevention interventions versus control for patients in remission from depression: A protocol. BMJ Open, 10(2), e034158. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2019-034158

    Van Tol, M. J., Eike, R., Van Kleef, R., Marsman, J. B., Van Valen, E., Aleman, A., & Bockting, C. L. (2020). P.348 Understanding neurocognitive working mechanisms of relapse prevention – the role of emotion regulation in remitted major depressive disorder. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 40, S202-S203. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.euroneuro.2020.09.264

    Brouwer, M. E., Williams, A. D., Forand, N. R., DeRubeis, R. J., & Bockting, C. L. (2019). Dysfunctional attitudes or extreme response style as predictors of depressive relapse and recurrence after mobile cognitive therapy for recurrent depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 243, 48-54. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2018.09.002

    Brouwer, M. E., Williams, A. D., Kennis, M., Fu, Z., Klein, N. S., Cuijpers, P., & Bockting, C. L. (2019). Psychological theories of depressive relapse and recurrence: A systematic review and meta-analysis of prospective studies. Clinical Psychology Review, 74, 101773. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2019.101773

    Elgersma, H. J., Koster, E. H. W., Vugteveen, J., Hoekzema, A., Penninx, B., Bockting, C. L., & de Jong, P. J. (2019). Predictive value of attentional bias for the recurrence of depression: A 4-year prospective study in remitted depressed individuals. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 114, 25-34. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2019.01.001

    van Kleef, R. S., Bockting, C. L., van Valen, E., Aleman, A., Marsman, J. C., & van Tol, M. J. (2019). Neurocognitive working mechanisms of the prevention of relapse in remitted recurrent depression (NEWPRIDE): Protocol of a randomized controlled neuroimaging trial of preventive cognitive therapy. BMC Psychiatry, 19(1), 409. https://doi.org/10.1186/s12888-019-2384-0

    De Jonge, M., Bockting, C. L., van Oppen, P., Van, H. L., Peen, J., Kikkert, M. J., & Dekker, J. J. M. (2018). The association between the number of previous episodes and modifiable vulnerability factors in remitted patients with recurrent depression. PLOS One, 13(11), e0206495. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0206495

    Elgersma, H. J., Koster, E. H. W., van Tuijl, L. A., Hoekzema, A., Penninx, B., Bockting, C. L., & de Jong, P. J. (2018). Attentional bias for negative, positive, and threat words in current and remitted depression. PLOS One, 13(10), e0205154. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0205154

    Figueroa, C. A., Mocking, R. J. T., Mahmoud, G. A., Koeter, M. W., Bockting, C. L., van der Does, W., Ruhé, H., & Schene, A. H. (2018). The measurement of cognitive reactivity to sad mood in patients remitted from major depressive disorder. The British Journal of Clinical Psychology, 57(3), 313-327. https://doi.org/10.1111/bjc.12175

    Klein, N. S., Holtman, G. A., Bockting, C. L., Heymans, M. W., & Burger, H. (2018). Development and validation of a clinical prediction tool to estimate the individual risk of depressive relapse or recurrence in individuals with recurrent depression. Journal of Psychiatric Research, 104, 1-7. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jpsychires.2018.06.006

    Klein, N. S., Kok, G. D., Burger, H., van Valen, E., Riper, H., Cuijpers, P., Dekker, J., Smit, F., van der Heiden, C., & Bockting, C. L. (2018). No sustainable effects of an internet-based relapse prevention program over 24 months in recurrent depression: Primary outcomes of a randomized controlled trial. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 87(1), 55-57. https://doi.org/10.1159/000485039

    Slofstra, C., Nauta, M. H., Bringmann, L. F., Klein, N. S., Albers, C. J., Batalas, N., Wicher, M., & Bockting, C. L. (2018). Individual negative affective trajectories can be detected during different depressive relapse prevention strategies. Psychotherapy and Psychosomatics, 87(4), 243-245. https://doi.org/10.1159/000489044

    van Tuijl, L. A., Glashouwer, K. A., Elgersma, H. J., Bockting, C. L., Penninx, B., & de Jong, P. J. (2018). Depression recurrence after recovery: Prognostic value of implicit and explicit self-depressed associations. Behaviour Research and Therapy, 107, 76-82. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.brat.2018.06.001

    De Jonge, M., Dekker, J. J. M., Kikkert, M. J., Peen, J., van Rijsbergen, G. D., & Bockting, C. L. (2017). The role of affect in predicting depressive symptomatology in remitted recurrently depressed patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 210, 66-71. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2016.12.015

    Ebert, D. D., Hopfinger, L., Bockting, C. L., Berking, M.(2017). Emotion regulation protects against recurrence of depressive symptoms following inpatient care for major depressive disorder. Behavior Therapy 48(6), 739-749, https://doi.org/10.1016/j.beth.2017.03.003

    Van Kleef, R. S., Nijmeijer, S., Marsman, J. B. C., Bockting, C. L., Van Valen, E., Aleman, A., & Van Tol, M. J. (2017). Attentional processing of emotional information in remitted recurrent major depressive disorder – preliminary results from the NEWPRIDE study. European Neuropsychopharmacology, 27, S778-S779. https://doi.org/10.1016/S0924-977X(17)31418-9

    Mocking, R. J. T., Figueroa, C. A., Rive, M. M., Geugies, H., Servaas, M. N., Assies, J., Koeter, M. W. J., Vaz, F. M., Wichers, M., van Straalen, J. P., de Raedt, R., Bockting, C. L.,Harmer, C. J., Schene, A. H., & Ruhé, H. G. (2016). Vulnerability for new episodes in recurrent major depressive disorder: protocol for the longitudinal DELTA neuroimaging cohort study. BMJ Open, 6, e009510. https://doi.org/10.1136/bmjopen-2015009510

    Biesheuvel-Leliefeld, K. E. M., Kok, G. D., Bockting, C. L.,Cuijpers, P., Hollon, S. D., van Marwijk, H. W. J., & Smit, F. (2015). Effectiveness of psychological interventions in preventing recurrence of depressive disorder: Meta-analysis and meta-regression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 174, 400-410. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.12.016

    Bockting, C. L., Hollon, S. D., Kuyken, W., Jarrett. R., & Dobson, K. S. (2015). A lifetime approach to Major Depressive Disorder: The contributions of psychological interventions in preventing relapse and recurrence. Clinical Psychology Review, 41, 16-26. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2015.02.003

    Elgersma, H. J., de Jong, P. J., van Rijsbergen, G. D., Kok, G. D., Burger, H., van der Does, W., Penninx, B. W., & Bockting, C. L. (2015). Cognitive reactivity, self-depressed associations, and the recurrence of depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 183, 300-309. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2015.05.018

    Figueroa, C. A., Ruhé, H. G., Koeter, M., Spinhoven, P., van der Does, W., Bockting, C. L.,& Schene, A. H. (2015). Cognitive reactivity versus dysfunctional cognitions and the prediction of relapse in recurrent major depressive disorder. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 76, e1306– e1312. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.14m09268

    Mocking, R. J., Pellikaan, C. M., Lok, A., Assies, J., Ruhé, H. G., Koeter, M. W., Visser, I., Bockting, C. L.,Olff, M., & Schene, A. H. (2015). DHEAS and cortisol/DHEAS-ratio in recurrent depression: State, or trait predicting 10-year recurrence? Psychoneuroendocrinology, 59, 91- 101. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2015.05.006

    Van Rijsbergen, G. D., Hollon, S. D., Elgersma, H. J., Kok, G. D., Dekker, J., Schene, A. H., & Bockting, C. L. (2015). Understanding emotion and emotional scarring in recurrent depression. Comprehensive Psychiatry, 59, 54-61. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2015.02.010

    Van Rijsbergen, G. D., Kok, G. D., Elgersma, H. J., Hollon, S. D., & Bockting, C. L. (2015). Personality and cognitive vulnerability in remitted recurrently depressed patients. Journal of Affective Disorders, 173, 97-104. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2014.10.042

    Kok, G., van Rijsbergen, G., Burger, H., Elgersma, H., Riper, H., Cuijpers, P., Dekker, J., Smit, F., &  Bockting, C. L.  (2014). The scars of childhood adversity: Minor stress sensitivity and depressive symptoms in remitted recurrently depressed adult patients. PLoS ONE, 9, e111711. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0111711

    Van Rijsbergen, G. D., Bockting, C. L.,Burger, H., Spinhoven, P., Koeter, M. W. J., Ruhé, H.  G., Hollon, S. D., & Schene, A. H. (2013). Mood reactivity rather than cognitive reactivity is predictive of depressive relapse: A randomized study with 5.5-year follow-up. Journal of Consulting and Clinical Psychology, 81, 508-17. https://doi.org/10.1037/a0032223

    Bockting, C. L.,Lok, A., Visser, I., Assies, J., Koeter, M. W., Schene, A. H., & The DELTA study group (2012). Lower cortisol levels predict recurrence in remitted patients with recurrent depression: A 5.5 year prospective study. Psychiatry research, 200, 281-287. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psychres.2012.03.044

    Lok, A., Assies, J., Koeter, M. W. J., Bockting, C. L.,Wouters, L. F., Mocking, R. J. T., & Schene,  A. H. (2012). Sustained medically unexplained physical symptoms in euthymic patients with recurrent depression: Predictive value for recurrence and associations with omega 3- and 6 fatty acids and 5-HTTLPR? Journal of Affective Disorders, 136, 604-611. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2011.10.024

    Lok A., Mocking, R. J. T., Ruhé, H. G., Visser, I., Koeter, M. W., Assies, J., Bockting, C. L.,Olff,  M., & Schene, A. H. (2012). Longitudinal hypothalamic-pituitary-adrenal axis trait and state effects in recurrent depression. Psychoneuroendocrinology, 37, 892-902. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.psyneuen.2011.10.005

    Mocking, R. J. T., Assies, J., Lok, A., Ruhé, H. G., Koeter, M. W. J., Visser, I., Bockting, C. L.,&  Schene, A. H. (2012). Statistical methodological issues in handling data of fatty acid data: Percentages or concentration, imputation and indices. Lipids, 47, 541-547. https://doi.org/10.1007/s11745-012-3665-2

    Van Rijsbergen, G. D., Bockting, C. L.,Berking, M., Koeter, M. W. J., & Schene, A. H. (2012).  Can a one-item mood scale do the trick? Predicting relapse over 5.5-years in recurrent depression. PLoS ONE, 7, e46796. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0046796

    Wekking, E. M., Bockting, C. L.,Koeter, M. W. J., & Schene, A. H. (2012). Cognitive functioning in euthymic recurrently depressed patients: Relationship with future relapses and prior course of disease. Journal of Affective Disorders, 141, 300-307. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2012.03.034

    Beshai, S., Dobson, K. S., Bockting, C. L.,& Quigley, L. (2011). Relapse and recurrence prevention in depression: Current research and future prospects. Clinical Psychology Review, 31, 1349-1360. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.cpr.2011.09.003

    Assies, J., Pouwer, F., Lok, A., Mocking, R. J. T., Bockting, C. L.,Visser, I., Abeling, N. G. G. M.,  Duran, M., & Schene, A. H. (2010). Plasma and erythrocyte fatty acid patterns in patients with recurrent depression: A matched case-control study. PLoS ONE, 5, e10635. https://doi.org/10.1371/journal.pone.0010635

    prevention for depression. Psychological Topics, 19, 273-287.

    De Jonge, P., Conradi, H. J., Kaptein, K. I., Bockting, C. L.,Korf, J., & Ormel, J. (2010). Duration of subsequent episodes and periods of recovery in recurrent major depression. Journal of Affective Disorders, 125, 141-145. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2009.12.013

    ten Doesschate, M. C, Bockting, C. L.,Koeter, M. W. J., & Schene, A. H. (2010). Prediction of recurrence in recurrent depression: A 5.5-year prospective study. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 71, 984-91. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.08m04858blu

    ten Doesschate, M. C., Koeter, M. W. J., Bockting, C. L.,& Schene, A. H. (2010). Health related quality of life in recurrent depression: A comparison with a general population sample. Journal of Affective Disorders, 120, 126-132. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2009.04.026

    Bockting C. L., Spinhoven, P. H.,  Koeter, M.W.J., Wouters, L. F., Schene, A. H. (2008). Prediction of recurrence and the influence of consecutive episodes on vulnerability: A 2-year prospective study in recurrent depression, Journal of Affective Disorders,107(1), 89. https://doi.org/10.1016/j.jad.2007.12.078

    Bockting, C. L.,Spinhoven, Ph., Koeter, M. W. J., Wouters, L. F., Schene, A. H., & the DELTA study group. (2006). Prediction of recurrence in recurrent depression and the influence of consecutive episodes on vulnerability: A 2-year prospective study. Journal of Clinical Psychiatry, 67, 747-755. https://doi.org/10.4088/JCP.v67n0508

Suicide Prevention

In this project we conduct a randomized controlled trial comparing online CBT to online psycho-education that targets suicidality for individuals that seek help at 113.nl Zelfmoordpreventie.

  • Gavan, L., van der Spek, N., Bergers, N., Breedvelt, J. J. F., Hellegers, F., Bosmans, G., & Bockting, C. L.H. (2026). Is suicidality contagious? The social transmission of suicidal thoughts and behaviors: A systematic review and meta-analysis. Comprehensive Psychology, 147,15269.  https://doi.org/10.1016/j.comppsych.2026.152691

    Janssen, W., Mérelle, S., Gilissen, R., & Bockting, C. L. (2026). Treating suicidality remotely (TREASURE): Study protocol for a remote randomized controlled trial comparing personalized cognitive behavioral therapy for suicide prevention with a guided self-help course in adolescents and adults. Trials. https://doi.org/10.1186/s13063-026-09725-0

    Janssen, W. C., Mérelle, S. Y. M., van Ballegooijen, W., Gilissen, R., & Bockting, C. L. (2025). Cognitive behavior therapy with and without narrative assessment and suicide attempts: A systematic review and meta-analysis. JAMA Network Open, 8(11), e2544632. https://doi.org/10.1001/jamanetworkopen.2025.44632

Explore our research topics:

Societal Challenges & Urban Mental Health
Interventions & Technology
Academic Workplace Shift Left
Relapse Prevention